obstetrics and gynecology, medical/surgical specialty concerned with the care of women from pregnancy until after delivery and with the diagnosis and treatment of disorders of the female reproductive tract.
The obstetrician’s main tasks are to diagnose and bring a woman through pregnancy, deliver her child, and give the new mother adequate postnatal care. The most-important surgical operation performed by obstetricians is cesarean section.
The modern practice of gynecology requires skill in pelvic surgery, a knowledge of female urologic conditions, because the symptoms of diseases of the urinary tract and the genital tract are often similar, and skill in dealing with the minor psychiatric problems that often arise among gynecologic patients.